Awareness of steroid use is at an all-time high, yet the topic remains shrouded in stigma, both in public perception and among health professionals.
Many users turn to the internet and peers for information, leading to the spread of myths and misconceptions surrounding steroid use. Here are some common myths about steroid abuse, alongside the evidence that counters them:
1. All steroids are created equal
Many people refer to substances that enhance muscle growth and strength as “steroids” or “anabolic steroids.” however, steroids encompass a variety of hormones necessary for bodily functions, including corticosteroids (anti-inflammatory drugs) and androgens (sex hormones).
Testosterone, the primary androgen, is crucial for the physical changes during male puberty and regulates functions like sperm production, bone health, muscle mass, and libido. The manufactured versions of testosterone, often abused for muscle enhancement, are specifically what people mean when they refer to anabolic steroids.
2. Steroids are safe
The notion that steroids are safe is misleading. From severe acne to potential brain damage, steroid abuse poses serious health risks and long-term side effects. Users often employ techniques like cycling or pyramiding to mitigate these risks, but evidence supporting the effectiveness of these methods is lacking. Medical professionals closely monitor individuals prescribed steroids for legitimate health reasons due to the risks involved, making unsupervised use highly dangerous.
3. Only certain people abuse steroids
The stereotype of steroid abusers as solely high-profile athletes or bodybuilders is outdated. In reality, a wide range of individuals misuse steroids, including recreational athletes, gym enthusiasts, and those in physically demanding jobs such as security personnel or construction workers. In addition, men and boys suffering from muscle dysmorphia—seeing themselves as insufficiently muscular—may turn to steroids in an attempt to address this perceived inadequacy. Estimates suggest that 1 to 5 percent of the population may abuse steroids, with around 2 percent of Australian secondary school students reporting use.
4. Steroids are not as illegal as other drugs
While penalties for possession and distribution of steroids vary across states, anabolic steroids, selective androgen receptor modulators, and peptides are illegal in Australia unless prescribed for specific medical conditions. In some states, they are classified alongside illicit drugs like heroin and methamphetamine, leading to severe legal consequences for possession or supply.
5. Steroids are not addictive
Contrary to the belief that steroids are non-addictive, many users exhibit addiction-like behaviours, including loss of control, social issues stemming from use, and physical dependence. Individuals who depend on steroids for self-esteem or suffer from body dysmorphic disorder are particularly at risk. Withdrawal symptoms can be severe, often manifesting as headaches, fatigue, nausea, muscle pain, insomnia, low mood, diminished libido, and even suicidal thoughts.
Understanding the risks associated with steroid use is essential in today’s health landscape. Despite increased awareness, misconceptions persist, leading to harmful behaviours and decisions. It’s crucial to differentiate between legitimate medical use and abuse while recognising the diverse motivations behind steroid use.